The United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture was established to meet the immediate medical, psychological, and financial needs of survivors. The United Nations Security Council, expressing its belief in the connection between holding individuals responsible for international crimes and future prevention, established the Ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, as well as the permanent International Criminal Court. Often violations of humanitarian law, such as ill treatment of prisoners of war or civilians and illegal military operations, lead to an increased number of disabilities among the population, and especially permanent disabilities. The nature and extent of the harm suffered by victims of a situation of an armed conflict depends to a large extent on the combat methods used and the use of certain particularly harmful weapons. Today, the impact of armed conflicts on civilians is one of the major causes of disability. In times of peace human rights are the fundamental principles for the protection of all persons in all contexts, but the different circumstances during wartime require special protection for the individual-civilians as well as combatants. The adoption of important international instruments in the field of human rights contributed to affirm the idea that everyone is entitled to the enjoyment of human rights, whether in times of peace or war.
The evolution of international law related to the protection of war victims and to the conduct of war has been strongly affected by the development of human rights protection after the Second World War. The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)Įlimination of Discrimination Against WomenĪnd other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishmentħ.2 ILO Provision on the Rights of the Migrant Workerġ0.1 Persons with Disabilities and Armed Conflictsġ0.4 Special Protection for the Wounded and Sickġ0.5 Victims of Land Mines and Armed Conflictsġ0.1 Persons with disabilities and armed conflicts The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Protection of Rights of Persons with Disabilitiesġ.2 Disability Rights at the International Level
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